Electric car vs internal combustion engine: what are the advantages and disadvantages?

Electric and combustion cars have distinct advantages and disadvantages, which can make the choice between the two difficult depending on individual needs and priorities. Here's an in-depth look at the two types of vehicle through a series of questions and answers.

1. What is the difference in terms of initial purchase cost between an electric car and a combustion engine car?

Electric cars are often more expensive to buy than internal combustion cars because of the high cost of the batteries. However, this initial price difference can be offset by government subsidies and tax incentives in many countries. On the other hand, combustion-powered cars, although generally cheaper to buy, do not benefit from the same incentives and are subject to higher taxes because of their CO2 emissions.

2. Which type of car is the most advantageous in terms of running and maintenance costs?

Electric cars are much cheaper to run, as electricity is often cheaper than petrol or diesel. What's more, electric vehicles require less maintenance because their engines have fewer moving parts, which reduces the risk of mechanical breakdowns. On the other hand, combustion-powered cars, although easier to maintain in the event of minor problems, accumulate higher maintenance costs in the long term due to wear and tear on parts such as filters, belts and exhaust systems.

3. In terms of range, what type of vehicle is most practical for long journeys?

At present, combustion-powered cars are more practical for long journeys, as they offer a greater range and there are petrol stations everywhere for quick refuelling. Electric cars, on the other hand, still have limitations in terms of range, although this is improving as battery technologies evolve. What's more, the network of fast-charging stations, although expanding rapidly, is not yet as dense as that of service stations, which can pose challenges for long-distance journeys.

4. What is the environmental impact of electric cars compared with combustion engines?

Electric cars are widely considered to be more environmentally friendly, as they produce no direct greenhouse gas emissions while driving. However, the overall environmental impact depends on how the electricity used is generated: if it comes from renewable sources, the impact is minimal, but if it comes from fossil fuels, the benefit is reduced. Internal combustion cars, on the other hand, emit CO2 and other pollutants directly into the atmosphere, contributing to global warming and air pollution. However, the production and recycling of batteries for electric cars also pose environmental challenges.

5. Which option is better in terms of driving comfort and performance?

Electric cars offer superior driving comfort thanks to their silent operation and absence of vibrations. They also offer instant acceleration due to the maximum engine torque available from start-up. By contrast, combustion engine cars, although noisier and sometimes less responsive, offer a traditional driving experience with an engine sound that some drivers find more pleasant. What's more, combustion engines are often associated with a greater sense of control when driving at high speeds.

6. Which car makes the most financial sense in the long term?

In the long term, electric cars tend to be more financially advantageous due to lower fuel costs and reduced maintenance costs. However, their financial advantage depends on the length of time the vehicle is owned, changes in electricity and fuel prices, and access to purchase subsidies. Combustion-powered cars, although cheaper to buy initially, can lead to higher cumulative costs, particularly with the expected increase in fossil fuel taxes and stricter environmental regulations.

Which option is best?

The choice between an electric car and a combustion engine car largely depends on your priorities. If you're looking to save money in the long term, reduce your carbon footprint and enjoy modern driving comfort, an electric car is probably the best choice. On the other hand, if you often make long journeys, are looking for a vehicle with a long range and a lower initial purchase price, a combustion-powered car may be better suited to your needs.